# Affix file for British English MySpell dictionary # Also suitable as basis for Commonwealth and European English. # Built from scratch for MySpell. Released under LGPL. # # David Bartlett, Andrew Brown. # R 1.18, 11/04/05 SET ISO8859-1 TRY esiaénrtolcdugmfphbyvkw-'.zqjxSNRTLCGDMFPHBEAUYOIVKWóöâôZQJXÅçèîêàïüäñ REP 27 REP f ph REP ph f REP f gh REP f ugh REP gh f REP ff ugh REP uf ough REP uff ough REP k ch REP ch k REP dg j REP j dg REP w ugh REP ness ity REP leness ility REP ness ivity REP eness ity REP og ogue REP ck qu REP ck que REP eg e.g. REP ie i.e. REP t ght REP ght t REP ok OK REP ts ce REP ce ts # re- prefix: to do again PFX A Y 2 PFX A 0 re [^e] # reorganise PFX A 0 re- e # re-enable # mis- prefix PFX a Y 1 PFX a 0 mis . # misguided # in- im- il- ir- prefixes for negation PFX I Y 4 PFX I 0 il l # illogical PFX I 0 ir r # irresponsible PFX I 0 im [bmp] # immaterial PFX I 0 in [^blmpr] # inexact # over- prefix: extends PFX c Y 1 PFX c 0 over . # overstate # un- prefix: reverse the action PFX U Y 1 PFX U 0 un . # undefeated # de- prefix: reverse PFX C Y 2 PFX C 0 de [^e] # dehydrate PFX C 0 de- e # de-emphasise # dis- prefix for negation PFX E Y 1 PFX E 0 dis . # disappear # con- prefix PFX F Y 5 PFX F 0 com [bmp] PFX F 0 co [aeiouh] PFX F 0 cor r PFX F 0 col l PFX F 0 con [^abehilmopru]. # # pre- prefix PFX K Y 1 PFX K 0 pre . # # out- prefix PFX e Y 1 PFX e 0 out . # outsource # under- prefix PFX f Y 2 PFX f 0 under [^r] # underdeveloped PFX f 0 under- r # under-rehearsed # non- prefix PFX O Y 1 PFX O 0 non- . # non-delivery # trans- prefix PFX 4 Y 1 PFX 4 0 trans . # transship # -ive endings for verbs SFX V Y 15 SFX V 0 tive [aio] # SFX V b ptive b # absorb > absorptive SFX V d sive d # offend > offensive SFX V be ptive be # describe > descriptive SFX V e tive ce # produce > productive SFX V de sive de # corrode > corrosive SFX V ke cative ke # provoke > provocative SFX V e ptive me # presume > prsumptive SFX V e ive [st]e # repulse > repulsive SFX V e ative [^bcdkmst]e # figure > figurative SFX V 0 lative [aeiou]l # distil > distillative SFX V 0 ative [^aeiou]l # SFX V 0 ive [st] # subtract > subtractive SFX V y icative y # multiply > multiplicative SFX V 0 ative [^abdeilosty] # # The rules for the formation of -ive endings to verbs are complex # A simplified set is presented, there are many exceptions e.g. # submit, subvert, compete, repeat, exploit, argument, recite # cause, accuse, represent, consult, deceive, retain, etc. # -ively endings for verbs SFX v Y 15 SFX v 0 tively [aio] # SFX v b ptively b # absorb > absorptively SFX v d sively d # offend > offensively SFX v be ptively be # describe > descriptively SFX v e tively ce # produce > productively SFX v de sively de # corrode > corrosively SFX v ke catively ke # provoke > provocatively SFX v e ptively me # presume > prsumptively SFX v e ively [st]e # repulse > repulsively SFX v e atively [^bcdkmst]e # figure > figuratively SFX v 0 latively [aeiou]l # distil > distillatively SFX v 0 atively [^aeiou]l # SFX v 0 ively [st] # subtract > subtractively SFX v y icatively y # multiply > multiplicatively SFX v 0 atively [^abdeilosty] # # The rules for the formation of -ively endings to verbs are complex # A simplified set is presented, there are many exceptions e.g. # submit, subvert, compete, repeat, exploit, argument, recite # cause, accuse, represent, consult, deceive, retain, etc. # -iveness endings for verbs SFX u Y 15 SFX u 0 tiveness [aio] # SFX u b ptiveness b # absorb > absorptiveness SFX u d siveness d # offend > offensiveness SFX u be ptiveness be # describe > descriptiveness SFX u e tiveness ce # produce > productiveness SFX u de siveness de # corrode > corrosiveness SFX u ke cativeness ke # provoke > provocativeness SFX u e ptiveness me # presume > prsumptiveness SFX u e iveness [st]e # repulse > repulsiveness SFX u e ativeness [^bcdkmst]e # figure > figurativeness SFX u 0 lativeness [aeiou]l # distil > distillativeness SFX u 0 ativeness [^aeiou]l # SFX u 0 iveness [st] # subtract > subtractiveness SFX u y icativeness y # multiply > multiplicativeness SFX u 0 ativeness [^abdeilosty] # # The rules for the formation of -iveness endings to verbs are complex # A simplified set is presented, there are many exceptions e.g. # submit, subvert, compete, repeat, exploit, argument, recite # cause, accuse, represent, consult, deceive, retain etc. # -ion ends for stem verb creating action noun # where pronounced stress falls on last syllable SFX N Y 26 SFX N b ption b # absorb > absorption SFX N d sion d # extend > extension SFX N be ption be # describe > description SFX N e tion ce # produce > production SFX N de sion de # corrode > corrosion SFX N ke cation ke # provoke > provocation SFX N e ption ume # assume > assumption SFX N e mation [^u]me # inflame > inflammation SFX N e ion [^o]se # disperse > dispersion SFX N e ition ose # compose > coposition SFX N e ation [iou]te # salute > salutation SFX N e ion [^iou]te # migrate > migration SFX N e ation [^bcdkmst]e # admire > admiration SFX N el ulsion el # compel > compulsion SFX N 0 lation [aiou]l # distil > distillation SFX N 0 ation [^aeiou]l # install > installation SFX N 0 mation [aeiou]m # sum > summation SFX N 0 ation [^aeiou]m # inform > information SFX N er ration er # filter > filtration SFX N 0 ation [^e]r # SFX N 0 ion [sx] # confess > confession SFX N t ssion mit # admit > admission SFX N 0 ion [^m]it # edit > edition SFX N 0 ation [^i]t # exult > exultation SFX N y ication y # imply > implication SFX N 0 ation [^bdelmrstxy] # # The rules for the formation of -ion nouns are complex. This set # was generated heuristically. There are a number of exceptions # float, explain, evolve, conceive, promounce, define, etc. # generally words with double vowels, some -ve and -xion forms # for some words the n rule should be used # -ion and -ions ends for stem verb creating action noun # where pronounced stress does NOT fall on the last syllable # use N and X rules in preference except where they don't work SFX n Y 28 SFX n 0 tion a # SFX n e tion ce # SFX n ke cation ke # SFX n e ation [iou]te # SFX n e ion [^iou]te # replicate > replication SFX n e ation [^ckt]e # SFX n el ulsion el # compel > compulsion SFX n 0 lation [aiou]l # distil > distillation SFX n 0 ation [^aeiou]l # install > installation SFX n er ration er # filter > filtration SFX n 0 ation [^e]r # colour > colouration SFX n y ation py # occupy > occupation SFX n y ication [^p]y # certify > certification SFX n 0 ation [^aelry] # SFX n 0 tions a # SFX n e tions ce # SFX n ke cations ke # SFX n e ations [iou]te # SFX n e ions [^iou]te # replicate > replications SFX n e ations [^ckt]e # SFX n el ulsions el # compel > compulsions SFX n 0 lations [aiou]l # distil > distillations SFX n 0 ations [^aeiou]l # install > installations SFX n er rations er # filter > filtrations SFX n 0 ations [^e]r # colour > colourations SFX n y ations py # occupy > occupations SFX n y ications [^p]y # certify > certifications SFX n 0 ations [^aelry] # # The rules for the formation of -ion nouns are complex # There are a number of exceptions # float, explain, evolve, conceive, pronounce, vapour, etc. # generally words with double vowels, some -ve and -xion forms # for some words the N or X rules should be used despite pronunciation # -ions ends for stem verb creating action noun plural # where pronounced stress falls on last syllable SFX X Y 26 SFX X b ptions b # absorb > absorptions SFX X d sions d # extend > extensions SFX X be ptions be # describe > descriptions SFX X e tions ce # SFX X ke cations ke # SFX X de sions de # corrode > corrosions SFX X e ptions ume # assume > assumptions SFX X e mations [^u]me # inflame > inflammations SFX X e ions [^o]se # disperse > dispersions SFX X e itions ose # compose > compositions SFX X e ations [iou]te # salute > salutations SFX X e ions [^iou]te # migrate > migrations SFX X e ations [^bcdkmst]e # admire > admirations SFX X el ulsions el # compel > compulsions SFX X 0 lations [aiou]l # distil > distillations SFX X 0 ations [^aeiou]l # install > installations SFX X 0 mations [aeiou]m # sum > summations SFX X 0 ations [^aeiou]m # form > formations SFX X er rations er # filter > filtrations SFX X 0 ations [^e]r # SFX X 0 ions [sx] # confess > confessions SFX X t ssions mit # admit > admissions SFX X 0 ions [^m]it # edit > editions SFX X 0 ations [^i]t # exult > exultations SFX X y ications y # imply > implications SFX X 0 ations [^bdelmrstxy] # # The rules for the formation of -ion nouns are complex # There are a number of exceptions # floatation, explaination, evolution, conception, pronounciation etc. # generally words with double vowels, some -ve and -xion forms # for some words the x rule should be used # -ional, -ionally ends for stem verb, simplified rule set SFX x Y 40 SFX x b ptional b # SFX x d sional d # extend > extensional SFX x be ptional be # SFX x e tional ce # SFX x ke cational ke # SFX x de sional de # delude > delusional SFX x e ional [^o]se # disperse > dispersional SFX x e itional ose # compose > compositional SFX x e ional te # relate > relational SFX x e ational [^bcdkst]e # admire > admirational SFX x el ulsional el # SFX x 0 lational [aiou]l # SFX x 0 ational [^aeiou]l # SFX x er rational er # SFX x 0 ational [^e]r # SFX x 0 ional [sx] # confess > confessional SFX x 0 ional [^n]t # trasact > transactional SFX x 0 ational nt # confront > confrontational SFX x y icational y # SFX x 0 ational [^bdelrstxy] # SFX x b ptionally b # SFX x d sionally d # extend > extensionally SFX x be ptionally be # SFX x e tionally ce # SFX x ke cationally ke # SFX x de sionally de # provide > provisionally SFX x e ionally [^o]se # converse > conversationally SFX x e itionally ose # compose > compositionally SFX x e ionally te # relate > relationally SFX x e ationally [^bcdkst]e # conspire > conspirationally SFX x el ulsionally el # SFX x 0 lationally [aiou]l # SFX x 0 ationally [^aeiou]l # SFX x er rationally er # SFX x 0 ationally [^e]r # SFX x 0 ionally [sx] # confess > confessionally SFX x 0 ionally [^n]t # trasact > transactionally SFX x 0 ationally nt # confront > confrontationally SFX x y icationally y # SFX x 0 ationally [^bdelrstxy] # # The rules for the formation of -ional words are complex # There are a number of exceptions # inquisitional # number specific extensions # adds both -th and -fold suffixes SFX H N 13 SFX H y ieth y # twenty > twentieth SFX H ree ird ree # three > third SFX H ve fth ve # five > fifth SFX H e th [^ev]e # nine > ninth SFX H 0 h t # eight > eighth SFX H 0 th [^ety] # four > fourth SFX H y ieths y # twenty > twentieth SFX H ree irds ree # three > third SFX H ve fths ve # five > fifth SFX H e ths [^ev]e # nine > ninth SFX H 0 hs t # eight > eighth SFX H 0 ths [^ety] # four > fourth SFX H 0 fold . # four > fourfold # exceptions: one, two, zero # -ly adverb endings (for adjectives) SFX Y Y 9 SFX Y 0 ally ic # basic > basically SFX Y 0 ly [^i]c # SFX Y e y [^aeiou]le # stable > stably SFX Y 0 ly [aeiou]le # sole > solely SFX Y 0 ly [^l]e # wife > wifely SFX Y 0 y [^aeiou]l # full > fully SFX Y y ily [^aeiou]y # tidy > tidily SFX Y 0 ly [aeiou][ly] # woolly, greyly SFX Y 0 ly [^cely] # eagerly # Exceptions: shyly, slyly, spryly, wryly, matily, politicly, publicly # duly, wholly, daily, gaily # -ing endings for verbs where the stress falls on the last syllable SFX G Y 24 SFX G e ing [^eioy]e # sample > sampling SFX G 0 ing [eoy]e # flee > fleeing SFX G ie ying ie # die > dying SFX G 0 bing [^aeio][aeiou]b # dab > dabbing SFX G 0 king [^aeio][aeiou]c # panic > panicking SFX G 0 ding [^aeio][aeiou]d # prod > prodding SFX G 0 fing [^aeio][aeiou]f # SFX G 0 ging [^aeio][aeiou]g # rig > rigging SFX G 0 king [^aeio][aeiou]k # trek > trekking SFX G 0 ling [^aeio][eiou]l # control > controlling SFX G 0 ing [aeio][eiou]l # peel > peeling SFX G 0 ling [^aeo]al # dial > dialling SFX G 0 ing [aeo]al # steal > stealing SFX G 0 ming [^aeio][aeiou]m # sum > summing SFX G 0 ning [^aeio][aeiou]n # fan > fanning SFX G 0 ping [^aeio][aeiou]p # map > mapping SFX G 0 ring [^aeio][aeiou]r # war > warring SFX G 0 sing [^aeio][aeiou]s # gas > gassing SFX G 0 ting [^aeio][aeiou]t # pat > patting SFX G 0 ving [^aeio][aeiou]v # rev > revving SFX G 0 zing [^aeio][aeiou]z # quiz > quizzing SFX G 0 ing [aeio][aeiou][bcdfgkmnprstvz] # peer > peering SFX G 0 ing [^aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # trawl > trawling SFX G 0 ing [^ebcdfgklmnprstvz] # leak > leaking # Note that there are some exceptions to these rules: # # plural noun form of -ings verbs, simplified rules SFX J Y 25 SFX J e ings [^eioy]e # save > savings SFX J 0 ings [eoy]e # SFX J ie yings ie # SFX J 0 bings [^aeio][aeiou]b # stab > stabbings SFX J 0 king [^aeio][aeiou]c # SFX J 0 dings [^aeio][aeiou]d # wed > weddings SFX J 0 fings [^aeio][aeiou]f # SFX J 0 gings [^aeio][aeiou]g # dig > diggings SFX J 0 kings [^aeio][aeiou]k # SFX J 0 lings [^aeio][eiou]l # label > labellings SFX J 0 ings [aeio][eiou]l # peel > peelings SFX J 0 lings [^aeo]al # dial > diallings SFX J 0 ings [aeo]al # steal > stealings SFX J 0 mings [^aeio][aeiou]m # trim > trimmings SFX J 0 nings [^aeio][aiou]n # begin > beginnings SFX J 0 pings [^aeio][aeiou]p # clip > clippings SFX J 0 rings [^aeio][aiou]r # stir > stirrings SFX J 0 sings [^aeio][aeiou]s # SFX J 0 tings [^aeio][aiou]t # cut > cuttings SFX J 0 vings [^aeio][aeiou]v # SFX J 0 zings [^aeio][aeiou]z # SFX J 0 ings [^aeio]e[nrt] # open > openings SFX J 0 ings [aeio][aeiou][bcdfgkmnprstvz] # SFX J 0 ings [^aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # SFX J 0 ings [^ebcdfgklmnprstvz] # # Note that there are some exceptions to these rules: # settings, lettings, etc. # -ingly endings, simplified ruleset SFX k Y 8 SFX k e ingly [^eioy]e # move > movingly SFX k 0 ingly [eoy]e # SFX k ie yingly ie # SFX k 0 kingly [^aeio][aeiou]c # SFX k 0 lingly [^aeio][aeiou]l # compel > compellingly SFX k 0 ingly [aeio][aeiou][cl] # reveal > revealingly SFX k 0 ingly [^aeiou][cl] # will > willingly SFX k 0 ingly [^ecl] # sweep > sweepingly # There are some exceptions to this rule: # primarily for words where the last syllable is stressed # swimmingly, winningly, stunningly, fittingly, cuttingly, # unwittingly, etc. # regular verb past tenses and past participle with -ed # where the last syllable is stressed in pronunciation SFX D Y 25 SFX D 0 d [^e]e # fable > fabled SFX D e d ee # flee > fled SFX D 0 bed [^aeio][aeiou]b # dab > dabbed SFX D 0 ked [^aeio][aeiou]c # SFX D 0 ded [^aeio][aeiou]d # prod > prodded SFX D 0 fed [^aeio][aeiou]f # SFX D 0 ged [^aeio][aeiou]g # rig > rigged SFX D 0 ked [^aeio][aeiou]k # trek > trekked SFX D 0 led [^aeio][eiou]l # control > controlled SFX D 0 ed [aeio][eiou]l # peel > peeled SFX D 0 led [^aeo]al # dial > dialled SFX D 0 ed [aeo]al # foal > foaled SFX D 0 med [^aeio][aeiou]m # sum > summed SFX D 0 ned [^aeio][aeiou]n # fan > fanned SFX D 0 ped [^aeio][aeiou]p # map > mapped SFX D 0 red [^aeio][aeiou]r # war > warred SFX D 0 sed [^aeio][aeiou]s # gas > gassed SFX D 0 ted [^aeio][aeiou]t # pat > patted SFX D 0 ved [^aeio][aeiou]v # rev > revved SFX D 0 zed [^aeio][aeiou]z # quiz > quizzed SFX D y ied [^aeiou]y # parry > parried SFX D 0 ed [aeiou]y # prey > preyed SFX D 0 ed [aeio][aeiou][bcdfgkmnprstvz] # peer > peered SFX D 0 ed [^aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # trawl > trawled SFX D 0 ed [^ebcdfgklmnprstvyz] # claw > clawed # Note that there are some exceptions to these rules: # irregular verb are excluded # regular verb past tenses and past participle with -ed # regular adverbial -ing endings. # where the last syllable is unstressed in pronunciation SFX d Y 16 SFX d 0 d e # sample > sampled SFX d 0 ked [^aeio][aeiou]c # traffic > trafficked SFX d 0 led [^aeio][aeiou]l # travel > travelled SFX d y ied [^aeiou]y # SFX d 0 ed [aeiou]y # SFX d 0 ed [aeio][aeiou][cl] # peel > peeled SFX d 0 ed [^aeiou][cl] # target > targeted SFX d 0 ed [^ecly] # SFX d e ing [^eioy]e # SFX d 0 ing [eoy]e # SFX d ie ying ie # SFX d 0 king [^aeio][aeiou]c # traffic > trafficking SFX d 0 ling [^aeio][aeiou]l # travel > travelling SFX d 0 ing [aeio][aeiou][cl] # SFX d 0 ing [^aeiou][cl] # SFX d 0 ing [^ecl] # # exceptions: some words double the last consonant and should be treated as D # format, handicap, hobnob, horsewhip, humbug, kidnap, nonplus # periwig, sandbag, zigzag. # Irregular verbs are excluded # -edly to form adverb from thing. Compromise rule set. SFX h Y 22 SFX h 0 dly e # reserve > reservedly SFX h 0 bedly [^aeio][aeiou]b # SFX h 0 kedly [^aeio][aeiou]c # SFX h 0 dedly [^aeio][aeiou]d # dog > doggedly SFX h 0 fedly [^aeio][aeiou]f # SFX h 0 gedly [^aeio][aeiou]g # rug > ruggedly SFX h 0 kedly [^aeio][aeiou]k # SFX h 0 ledly [^aeio][aeiou]l # SFX h 0 medly [^aeio][aeiou]m # SFX h 0 nedly [^aeio][aiou]n # SFX h 0 pedly [^aeio][aeiou]p # SFX h 0 redly [^aeio][aiou]r # SFX h 0 sedly [^aeio][aeiou]s # SFX h 0 tedly [^aeio][aiou]t # admit > admittedly SFX h 0 vedly [^aeio][aeiou]v # SFX h 0 zedly [^aeio][aeiou]z # SFX h 0 edly [^aeio]e[nrt] # SFX h y iedly [^aeiou]y # SFX h 0 edly [aeiou]y # SFX h 0 edly [aeio][aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # crookedly SFX h 0 edly [^aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # reportedly SFX h 0 edly [^ebcdfgklmnprstvyz] # fixedly # Note that there may be some exceptions to these rules # e.g. where emphasis is NOT on the last syllable: spiritedly # -edness suffix. Compromise rule set SFX i Y 22 SFX i 0 dness e # tire > tiredness SFX i 0 bedness [^aeio][aeiou]b # SFX i 0 kedness [^aeio][aeiou]c # SFX i 0 dedness [^aeio][aeiou]d # SFX i 0 fedness [^aeio][aeiou]f # SFX i 0 gedness [^aeio][aeiou]g # dog > doggedness SFX i 0 kedness [^aeio][aeiou]k # SFX i 0 ledness [^aeio][aeiou]l # SFX i 0 medness [^aeio][aeiou]m # SFX i 0 nedness [^aeio][aiou]n # SFX i 0 pedness [^aeio][aeiou]p # SFX i 0 redness [^aeio][aiou]r # SFX i 0 sedness [^aeio][aeiou]s # SFX i 0 tedness [^aeio][aiou]t # SFX i 0 vedness [^aeio][aeiou]v # SFX i 0 zedness [^aeio][aeiou]z # SFX i 0 edness [^aeio]e[nrt] # SFX i y iedness [^aeiou]y # SFX i 0 edness [aeiou]y # SFX i 0 edness [aeio][aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # crookedness SFX i 0 edness [^aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # mindedness SFX i 0 edness [^ebcdfgklmnprstvyz] # # Note that there may be some exceptions to these rules # e.g. where emphasis is NOT on the last syllable: spiritedness # adjectival comparatives: big bigger biggest # for short words generally of 2 syllables or less SFX T Y 42 SFX T 0 r e # pale > paler > palest SFX T 0 st e SFX T 0 ber [^aeio][aeiou]b # dab > dabber > dabbest SFX T 0 best [^aeio][aeiou]b SFX T 0 ker [^aeio][aeiou]c # SFX T 0 kest [^aeio][aeiou]c SFX T 0 der [^aeio][aeiou]d # sad > sadder > saddest SFX T 0 dest [^aeio][aeiou]d SFX T 0 fer [^aeio][aeiou]f # SFX T 0 fest [^aeio][aeiou]f SFX T 0 ger [^aeio][aeiou]g # big > bigger > biggest SFX T 0 gest [^aeio][aeiou]g SFX T 0 ker [^aeio][aeiou]k # SFX T 0 kest [^aeio][aeiou]k SFX T 0 ler [^aeio][aeiou]l # SFX T 0 lest [^aeio][aeiou]l SFX T 0 mer [^aeio][aeiou]m # bum > bummer > bummest SFX T 0 mest [^aeio][aeiou]m SFX T 0 ner [^aeio][aeiou]n # SFX T 0 nest [^aeio][aeiou]n SFX T 0 per [^aeio][aeiou]p # SFX T 0 pest [^aeio][aeiou]p SFX T 0 rer [^aeio][aeiou]r # SFX T 0 rest [^aeio][aeiou]r SFX T 0 ser [^aeio][aeiou]s # SFX T 0 sest [^aeio][aeiou]s SFX T 0 ter [^aeio][aeiou]t # fat > fatter > fattest SFX T 0 test [^aeio][aeiou]t SFX T 0 ver [^aeio][aeiou]v # SFX T 0 vest [^aeio][aeiou]v SFX T 0 zer [^aeio][aeiou]z # SFX T 0 zest [^aeio][aeiou]z SFX T y ier [^aeiou]y # funny > funnier > funniest SFX T y iest [^aeiou]y SFX T 0 er [aeiou]y # SFX T 0 est [aeiou]y SFX T 0 er [aeio][aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] SFX T 0 er [^aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] SFX T 0 er [^ebcdfgklmnprstvyz] SFX T 0 est [aeio][aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] SFX T 0 est [^aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] SFX T 0 est [^ebcdfgklmnprstvyz] # Note that there are a number of irregular exceptions to these rules. # y+er=ier ending are not included: luck > lucky > luckier > luckiest # -er ending for verbs creating thing or person who does # also adds -ers, -er's endings # for regular verbs where the last syllable is stressed SFX R Y 72 SFX R 0 r e # tumble > tumbler SFX R 0 rs e # tumble > tumblers SFX R 0 ber [^aeio][aeiou]b # stab > stabber SFX R 0 bers [^aeio][aeiou]b # stab > stabbers SFX R 0 ker [^aeio][aeiou]c # SFX R 0 kers [^aeio][aeiou]c # SFX R 0 der [^aeio][aeiou]d # prod > prodder SFX R 0 ders [^aeio][aeiou]d # prod > prodders SFX R 0 fer [^aeio][aeiou]f # SFX R 0 fers [^aeio][aeiou]f # SFX R 0 ger [^aeio][aeiou]g # dig > digger SFX R 0 gers [^aeio][aeiou]g # dig > diggers SFX R 0 ker [^aeio][aeiou]k # trek > trekker SFX R 0 kers [^aeio][aeiou]k # trek > trekkers SFX R 0 ler [^aeio][eiou]l # control > controller SFX R 0 er [aeio][eiou]l # peel > peeler SFX R 0 ler [^aeo]al # dial > dialler SFX R 0 er [aeo]al # steal > stealer SFX R 0 lers [^aeio][eiou]l # control > controllers SFX R 0 ers [aeio][eiou]l # peel > peelers SFX R 0 lers [^aeo]al # dial > diallers SFX R 0 ers [aeo]al # steal > stealers SFX R 0 mer [^aeio][aeiou]m # sum > summer SFX R 0 mers [^aeio][aeiou]m # sum > summers SFX R 0 ner [^aeio][aeiou]n # fan > fanner SFX R 0 ners [^aeio][aeiou]n # fan > fanners SFX R 0 per [^aeio][aeiou]p # map > mapper SFX R 0 pers [^aeio][aeiou]p # map > mappers SFX R 0 rer [^aeio][aeiou]r # war > warrer SFX R 0 rers [^aeio][aeiou]r # war > warrers SFX R 0 ser [^aeio][aeiou]s # gas > gasser SFX R 0 sers [^aeio][aeiou]s # gas > gassers SFX R 0 ter [^aeio][aeiou]t # rat > ratter SFX R 0 ters [^aeio][aeiou]t # rat > ratters SFX R 0 ver [^aeio][aeiou]v # rev > revver SFX R 0 vers [^aeio][aeiou]v # rev > revvers SFX R 0 zer [^aeio][aeiou]z # SFX R 0 zers [^aeio][aeiou]z # SFX R y ier [^aeiou]y # carry > carrier SFX R y iers [^aeiou]y # carry > carriers SFX R 0 er [aeiou]y # pray > prayer SFX R 0 ers [aeiou]y # pray > prayers SFX R 0 er [aeio][aeiou][bcdfgkmnprstvz] # peer > peerer SFX R 0 ers [aeio][aeiou][bcdfgkmnprstvz] # peer > peerers SFX R 0 er [^aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # trawl > trawler SFX R 0 ers [^aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # trawl > trawlers SFX R 0 er [^ebcdfgklmnprstvyz] # claw > clawer SFX R 0 ers [^ebcdfgklmnprstvyz] # claw > clawers SFX R 0 r's e # tumble > tumbler's SFX R 0 ber's [^aeio][aeiou]b # stab > stabber's SFX R 0 ker's [^aeio][aeiou]c # SFX R 0 der's [^aeio][aeiou]d # prod > prodder's SFX R 0 fer's [^aeio][aeiou]f # SFX R 0 ger's [^aeio][aeiou]g # dig > digger's SFX R 0 ker's [^aeio][aeiou]k # trek > trekker's SFX R 0 ler's [^aeio][eiou]l # control > controller's SFX R 0 er's [aeio][eiou]l # peel > peeler's SFX R 0 ler's [^aeo]al # dial > dialler's SFX R 0 er's [aeo]al # steal > stealer's SFX R 0 mer's [^aeio][aeiou]m # sum > summer's SFX R 0 ner's [^aeio][aeiou]n # fan > fanner's SFX R 0 per's [^aeio][aeiou]p # map > mapper's SFX R 0 rer's [^aeio][aeiou]r # war > warrer's SFX R 0 ser's [^aeio][aeiou]s # gas > gasser's SFX R 0 ter's [^aeio][aeiou]t # rat > ratter's SFX R 0 ver's [^aeio][aeiou]v # rev > revver's SFX R 0 zer's [^aeio][aeiou]z # SFX R y ier's [^aeiou]y # carry > carrier's SFX R 0 er's [aeiou]y # pray > prayer's SFX R 0 er's [aeio][aeiou][bcdfgkmnprstvz] # peer > peerer's SFX R 0 er's [^aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # trawl > trawler's SFX R 0 er's [^ebcdfgklmnprstvyz] # claw > clawer's # Irregular verbs are excluded and there are some exceptions # NOT applicable to nouns or verbs ending in er without regular stem: # father, scamper, barter # -er ending for verbs creating thing or persons who does # also adds -ers plural and -er's possessive as standard # for regular verbs where the last syllable is unstressed SFX r Y 24 SFX r 0 r e # sample > sampler SFX r 0 ler [^aeio][aeiou]l # travel > traveller SFX r 0 ker [^aeio][aeiou]c # traffic > trafficker SFX r y ier [^aeiou]y # carry > carrier SFX r 0 er [aeiou]y # pray > prayer SFX r 0 er [aeio][aeiou][cl] # peel > peeler SFX r 0 er [^aeiou][cl] # trawl > trawler SFX r 0 er [^ecly] # trumpet > trumpeter SFX r 0 rs e # sample > samplers SFX r 0 lers [^aeio][aeiou]l # travel > travellers SFX r 0 kers [^aeio][aeiou]c # traffic > traffickers SFX r y iers [^aeiou]y # carry > carriers SFX r 0 ers [aeiou]y # pray > prayers SFX r 0 ers [aeio][aeiou][cl] # peel > peelers SFX r 0 ers [^aeiou][cl] # trawl > trawlers SFX r 0 ers [^ecly] # trumpet > trumpeters SFX r 0 r's e # sample > samplers SFX r 0 ler's [^aeio][aeiou]l # travel > traveller's SFX r 0 ker's [^aeio][aeiou]c # traffic > trafficker's SFX r y ier's [^aeiou]y # carry > carrier's SFX r 0 er's [aeiou]y # pray > prayer's SFX r 0 er's [aeio][aeiou][cl] # peel > peeler's SFX r 0 er's [^aeiou][cl] # trawl > trawler's SFX r 0 er's [^ecly] # trumpet > trumpeter's # exceptions: some words double the last consonant and should be treated as R # format, handicap, kidnap, sandbag, zigzag. # Irregular verbs are excluded # NOT applicable to er verbs, or nouns without regular stem: # father, scamper, barter # noun plurals and verb conjugation (I you he we you they) SFX S Y 9 SFX S y ies [^aeiou]y # company > companies SFX S 0 s [aeiou]y # monkey > monkeys SFX S 0 es [sxz] # bus > buses SFX S 0 es [cs]h # ish > dishes SFX S 0 s [^cs]h # plough > ploughs SFX S 0 s [ae]u # milieu > milieus, milieux SFX S 0 x [ae]u # bureau > bureaux, bureaus SFX S 0 s [^ae]u # gnu > gnus SFX S 0 s [^hsuxyz] # Some exceptions: # Some words ending in o: cargoes, heroes, salvoes, volcanoes etc. # Greek a endings: algae, larvae, nebulae etc. # Greek ix, ex endings: index > indices, matrix > matrices etc. # Some is endings: analysis > analyses, crisis > crises etc. # Some o endings: concerto > concerti, maestro > maestri # Some on, um endings: criterion > criteria, maximum > maxima, emporium > emporia # Some us endings: radius > radii, cactus > cacti, calculus > calculi # -ness, -ness's, suffix for adjectives SFX P Y 6 SFX P y iness [^aeiou]y # dusky > duskiness SFX P 0 ness [aeiou]y # grey > greyness SFX P 0 ness [^y] # aware > awareness SFX P y iness's [^aeiou]y # dusky > duskiness's SFX P 0 ness's [aeiou]y # grey > greyness's SFX P 0 ness's [^y] # aware > awareness's # Some exceptions: # -man, -men, -man's, -men's suffixes SFX m Y 20 SFX m 0 sman [bdknmt] # sport > sportsman SFX m 0 sman [aeiou][bdklmnt]e # sale > salesman SFX m 0 man [^aeiou][bdklmnt]e # noble > nobleman SFX m 0 man [^bdklmnt]e # ice > iceman SFX m 0 man [^bdeknmt] # clergy > clergyman SFX m 0 smen [bdknmt] # sport > sportsmen SFX m 0 smen [aeiou][bdklmnt]e # sale > salesmen SFX m 0 men [^aeiou][bdklmnt]e # noble > noblemen SFX m 0 men [^bdklmnt]e # ice > icemen SFX m 0 men [^bdeknmt] # clergy > clergymen SFX m 0 sman's [bdknmt] # sport > sportsman's SFX m 0 sman's [aeiou][bdklmnt]e # sale > salesman's SFX m 0 man's [^aeiou][bdklmnt]e # noble > nobleman's SFX m 0 man's [^bdklmnt]e # ice > iceman's SFX m 0 man's [^bdeknmt] # clergy > clergyman's SFX m 0 smen's [bdknmt] # sport > sportsmen's SFX m 0 smen's [aeiou][bdklmnt]e # sale > salesmen's SFX m 0 men's [^aeiou][bdklmnt]e # noble > noblemen's SFX m 0 men's [^bdklmnt]e # ice > icemen's SFX m 0 men's [^bdeknmt] # clergy > clergymen's # Some exceptions: # -woman, -women, -woman's, suffixes SFX 5 Y 15 SFX 5 0 swoman [bdknmt] # sport > sportswoman SFX 5 0 swoman [aeiou][bdklmnt]e # sale > saleswoman SFX 5 0 woman [^aeiou][bdklmnt]e # noble > noblewoman SFX 5 0 woman [^bdklmnt]e # ice > icewoman SFX 5 0 woman [^bdeknmt] # clergy > clergywoman SFX 5 0 swomen [bdknmt] # sport > sportswomen SFX 5 0 swomen [aeiou][bdklmnt]e # sale > saleswomen SFX 5 0 women [^aeiou][bdklmnt]e # noble > noblewomen SFX 5 0 women [^bdklmnt]e # ice > icewomen SFX 5 0 women [^bdeknmt] # clergy > clergywomen SFX 5 0 swoman's [bdknmt] # sport > sportswoman's SFX 5 0 swoman's [aeiou][bdklmnt]e # sale > saleswoman's SFX 5 0 woman's [^aeiou][bdklmnt]e # noble > noblewoman's SFX 5 0 woman's [^bdklmnt]e # ice > icewoman's SFX 5 0 woman's [^bdeknmt] # clergy > clergywoman's # Some exceptions: # -ful suffix SFX 6 Y 3 SFX 6 y iful [^aeiou]y # plenty > plentiful SFX 6 0 ful [aeiou]y # joy > joyful SFX 6 0 ful [^y] # sin > sinful # Some exceptions: # -fully suffix SFX j Y 3 SFX j y ifully [^aeiou]y # plenty > plentifully SFX j 0 fully [aeiou]y # joy > joyfully SFX j 0 fully [^y] # sin > sinfully # Some exceptions: # -less suffix SFX p Y 5 SFX p y iless [^aeiou]y # penny > penniless SFX p 0 less [aeiou]y # joy > joyless SFX p 0 ess ll # SFX p 0 less [^l]l # tail > tailless SFX p 0 less [^ly] # sin > sinless # Some exceptions: # -ise, -ises, -ised, -ising # Suffixes for nouns. All of these forms are generated. SFX Q Y 44 SFX Q 0 tise a # drama > dramatise SFX Q e ise [^l]e # satire > satirise SFX Q le ilise [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilise SFX Q e ise [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilise SFX Q um ise um # optimum > optimise SFX Q 0 ise [^u]m # random > randomise SFX Q s se is # synthesis > sythesise SFX Q 0 ise [^i]s # SFX Q y ise [^aeiou]y # theory > theorise SFX Q 0 ise [aeiou]y # SFX Q 0 ise [^aemsy] # local > localise SFX Q 0 tises a # drama > dramatises SFX Q e ises [^l]e # satire > satirises SFX Q le ilises [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilises SFX Q e ises [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilises SFX Q um ises um # optimum > optimises SFX Q 0 ises [^u]m # random > randomises SFX Q s ses is # synthesis > sythesises SFX Q 0 ises [^i]s # SFX Q y ises [^aeiou]y # theory > theorises SFX Q 0 ises [aeiou]y # SFX Q 0 ises [^aemsy] # local > localises SFX Q 0 tised a # drama > dramatised SFX Q e ised [^l]e # satire > satirised SFX Q le ilised [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilised SFX Q e ised [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilised SFX Q um ised um # optimum > optimised SFX Q 0 ised [^u]m # random > randomised SFX Q s sed is # synthesis > sythesised SFX Q 0 ised [^i]s # SFX Q y ised [^aeiou]y # theory > theorised SFX Q 0 ised [aeiou]y # SFX Q 0 ised [^aemsy] # local > localised SFX Q 0 tising a # drama > dramatising SFX Q e ising [^l]e # satire > satirising SFX Q le ilising [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilising SFX Q e ising [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilising SFX Q um ising um # optimum > optimising SFX Q 0 ising [^u]m # random > randomising SFX Q s sing is # synthesis > sythesising SFX Q 0 ising [^i]s # SFX Q y ising [^aeiou]y # theory > theorising SFX Q 0 ising [aeiou]y # SFX Q 0 ising [^aemsy] # local > localising # not applicable where the ending is pronounced ice, eez or where # there is no clear stem noun. e.g. # surprise, size, expertise, premise, supervise, televise # Also a few exceptions: # crystallise, tranquillise, systematise, vaporise # -ize, -izes, -ized, -izing # Suffixes for nouns. All of these forms are generated. SFX 8 Y 44 SFX 8 0 tize a # drama > dramatize SFX 8 e ize [^l]e # satire > satirize SFX 8 le ilize [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilize SFX 8 e ize [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilize SFX 8 um ize um # optimum > optimize SFX 8 0 ize [^u]m # random > randomize SFX 8 s ze is # synthesis > sythesize SFX 8 0 ize [^i]s # SFX 8 y ize [^aeiou]y # theory > theorize SFX 8 0 ize [aeiou]y # SFX 8 0 ize [^aemsy] # local > localize SFX 8 0 tizes a # drama > dramatizes SFX 8 e izes [^l]e # satire > satirizes SFX 8 le ilizes [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilizes SFX 8 e izes [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilizes SFX 8 um izes um # optimum > optimizes SFX 8 0 izes [^u]m # random > randomizes SFX 8 s zes is # synthesis > sythesizes SFX 8 0 izes [^i]s # SFX 8 y izes [^aeiou]y # theory > theorizes SFX 8 0 izes [aeiou]y # SFX 8 0 izes [^aemsy] # local > localizes SFX 8 0 tized a # drama > dramatized SFX 8 e ized [^l]e # satire > satirized SFX 8 le ilized [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilized SFX 8 e ized [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilized SFX 8 um ized um # optimum > optimized SFX 8 0 ized [^u]m # random > randomized SFX 8 s zed is # synthesis > sythesized SFX 8 0 ized [^i]s # SFX 8 y ized [^aeiou]y # theory > theorized SFX 8 0 ized [aeiou]y # SFX 8 0 ized [^aemsy] # local > localized SFX 8 0 tizing a # drama > dramatizing SFX 8 e izing [^l]e # satire > satirizing SFX 8 le ilizing [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilizing SFX 8 e izing [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilizing SFX 8 um izing um # optimum > optimizing SFX 8 0 izing [^u]m # random > randomizing SFX 8 s zing is # synthesis > sythesizing SFX 8 0 izing [^i]s # SFX 8 y izing [^aeiou]y # theory > theorizing SFX 8 0 izing [aeiou]y # SFX 8 0 izing [^aemsy] # local > localizing # not applicable where the ending is pronounced ice, eez or where # there is no clear stem noun. e.g. # surprise, size, expertise, premise, supervise, televise # Also a few exceptions: # crystallize, tranquillize, systematize, vaporize # -isation, -isations # Suffixes for nouns. All of these forms are generated. SFX q Y 22 SFX q 0 tisation a # drama > dramatisation SFX q e isation [^l]e # satire > satirisation SFX q le ilisation [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilisation SFX q e isation [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilisation SFX q um isation um # optimum > optimisation SFX q 0 isation [^u]m # random > randomisation SFX q s sation is # synthesis > sythesisation SFX q 0 isation [^i]s # SFX q y isation [^aeiou]y # theory > theorisation SFX q 0 isation [aeiou]y # SFX q 0 isation [^aemsy] # local > localisation SFX q 0 tisations a # drama > dramatisations SFX q e isations [^l]e # satire > satirisations SFX q le ilisations [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilisations SFX q e isations [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilisations SFX q um isations um # optimum > optimisations SFX q 0 isations [^u]m # random > randomisations SFX q s sations is # synthesis > sythesisations SFX q 0 isations [^i]s # SFX q y isations [^aeiou]y # theory > theorisations SFX q 0 isations [aeiou]y # SFX q 0 isations [^aemsy] # local > localisations # not applicable where the ending is pronounced ice, eez or where # there is no clear stem noun. # Also a few exceptions as for -ise Q # -ization, -izations # Suffixes for nouns. All of these forms are generated. SFX - Y 22 SFX - 0 tization a # drama > dramatization SFX - e ization [^l]e # satire > satirization SFX - le ilization [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilization SFX - e ization [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilization SFX - um ization um # optimum > optimization SFX - 0 ization [^u]m # random > randomization SFX - s zation is # synthesis > sythesization SFX - 0 ization [^i]s # SFX - y ization [^aeiou]y # theory > theorization SFX - 0 ization [aeiou]y # SFX - 0 ization [^aemsy] # local > localization SFX - 0 tizations a # drama > dramatizations SFX - e izations [^l]e # satire > satirizations SFX - le ilizations [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilizations SFX - e izations [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilizations SFX - um izations um # optimum > optimizations SFX - 0 izations [^u]m # random > randomizations SFX - s zations is # synthesis > sythesizations SFX - 0 izations [^i]s # SFX - y izations [^aeiou]y # theory > theorizations SFX - 0 izations [aeiou]y # SFX - 0 izations [^aemsy] # local > localizations # not applicable where the ending is pronounced ice, eez or where # there is no clear stem noun. # Also a few exceptions as for -ize 8 # -iser, -isers, -iser's # Suffixes for nouns, doer. All of these forms are generated. SFX s Y 33 SFX s 0 tiser a # drama > dramatiser SFX s e iser [^l]e # satire > satiriser SFX s le iliser [^aeiou]le # stable > stabiliser SFX s e iser [aeiou]le # mobile > mobiliser SFX s um iser um # optimum > optimiser SFX s 0 iser [^u]m # random > randomiser SFX s s ser is # synthesis > sythesiser SFX s 0 iser [^i]s # SFX s y iser [^aeiou]y # theory > theoriser SFX s 0 iser [aeiou]y # SFX s 0 iser [^aemsy] # local > localiser SFX s 0 tisers a # drama > dramatisers SFX s e isers [^l]e # satire > satirisers SFX s le ilisers [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilisers SFX s e isers [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilisers SFX s um isers um # optimum > optimisers SFX s 0 isers [^u]m # random > randomisers SFX s s sers is # synthesis > sythesisers SFX s 0 isers [^i]s # SFX s y isers [^aeiou]y # theory > theorisers SFX s 0 isers [aeiou]y # SFX s 0 isers [^aemsy] # local > localisers SFX s 0 tiser's a # drama > dramatiser's SFX s e iser's [^l]e # satire > satiriser's SFX s le iliser's [^aeiou]le # stable > stabiliser's SFX s e iser's [aeiou]le # mobile > mobiliser's SFX s um iser's um # optimum > optimiser's SFX s 0 iser's [^u]m # random > randomiser's SFX s s ser's is # synthesis > sythesiser's SFX s 0 iser's [^i]s # SFX s y iser's [^aeiou]y # theory > theoriser's SFX s 0 iser's [aeiou]y # SFX s 0 iser's [^aemsy] # local > localiser's # not applicable where the ending is pronounced ice, eez or where # there is no clear stem noun. # Also a few exceptions as for -ise Q # -izer, -izers, -izer's # Suffixes for nouns, doer. All of these forms are generated. SFX 9 Y 33 SFX 9 0 tizer a # drama > dramatizer SFX 9 e izer [^l]e # satire > satirizer SFX 9 le ilizer [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilizer SFX 9 e izer [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilizer SFX 9 um izer um # optimum > optimizer SFX 9 0 izer [^u]m # random > randomizer SFX 9 s zer is # synthesis > sythesizer SFX 9 0 izer [^i]s # SFX 9 y izer [^aeiou]y # theory > theorizer SFX 9 0 izer [aeiou]y # SFX 9 0 izer [^aemsy] # local > localizer SFX 9 0 tizers a # drama > dramatizers SFX 9 e izers [^l]e # satire > satirizers SFX 9 le ilizers [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilizers SFX 9 e izers [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilizers SFX 9 um izers um # optimum > optimizers SFX 9 0 izers [^u]m # random > randomizers SFX 9 s zers is # synthesis > sythesizers SFX 9 0 izers [^i]s # SFX 9 y izers [^aeiou]y # theory > theorizers SFX 9 0 izers [aeiou]y # SFX 9 0 izers [^aemsy] # local > localizers SFX 9 0 tizer's a # drama > dramatizer's SFX 9 e izer's [^l]e # satire > satirizer's SFX 9 le ilizer's [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilizer's SFX 9 e izer's [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilizer's SFX 9 um izer's um # optimum > optimizer's SFX 9 0 izer's [^u]m # random > randomizer's SFX 9 s zer's is # synthesis > sythesizer's SFX 9 0 izer's [^i]s # SFX 9 y izer's [^aeiou]y # theory > theorizer's SFX 9 0 izer's [aeiou]y # SFX 9 0 izer's [^aemsy] # local > localizer's # not applicable where the ending is pronounced ice, eez or where # there is no clear stem noun. # Also a few exceptions as for -ize 8 # -isable, -izable, -isability, -izability # Suffixes for nouns. All of forms are generated. SFX t Y 22 SFX t 0 tisable a # drama > dramatisable SFX t e isable [^l]e # satire > satirisable SFX t le ilisable [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilisable SFX t e isable [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilisable SFX t um isable um # optimum > optimisable SFX t 0 isable [^u]m # random > randomisable SFX t s sable is # synthesis > sythesisable SFX t 0 isable [^i]s # SFX t y isable [^aeiou]y # theory > theorisable SFX t 0 isable [aeiou]y # SFX t 0 isable [^aemsy] # local > localisable SFX t 0 tisability a # drama > dramatisability SFX t e isability [^l]e # satire > satirisability SFX t le ilisability [^aeiou]le # stability > stabilisability SFX t e isability [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilisability SFX t um isability um # optimum > optimisability SFX t 0 isability [^u]m # random > randomisability SFX t s sability is # synthesis > sythesisability SFX t 0 isability [^i]s # SFX t y isability [^aeiou]y # theory > theorisability SFX t 0 isability [aeiou]y # SFX t 0 isability [^aemsy] # local > localisability # not applicable where the ending is pronounced ice, eez or where # there is no clear stem noun. # Also a few exceptions as for -ise Q # -isable, -izable, -isability, -izability # Suffixes for nouns. All of forms are generated. SFX + Y 22 SFX + 0 tizable a # drama > dramatizable SFX + e izable [^l]e # satire > satirizable SFX + le ilizable [^aeiou]le # stable > stabilizable SFX + e izable [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilizable SFX + um izable um # optimum > optimizable SFX + 0 izable [^u]m # random > randomizable SFX + s zable is # synthesis > sythesizable SFX + 0 izable [^i]s # SFX + y izable [^aeiou]y # theory > theorizable SFX + 0 izable [aeiou]y # SFX + 0 izable [^aemsy] # local > localizable SFX + 0 tizability a # drama > dramatizability SFX + e izability [^l]e # satire > satirizability SFX + le ilizability [^aeiou]le # stability > stabilizability SFX + e izability [aeiou]le # mobile > mobilizability SFX + um izability um # optimum > optimizability SFX + 0 izability [^u]m # random > randomizability SFX + s zability is # synthesis > sythesizability SFX + 0 izability [^i]s # SFX + y izability [^aeiou]y # theory > theorizability SFX + 0 izability [aeiou]y # SFX + 0 izability [^aemsy] # local > localizability # not applicable where the ending is pronounced ice, eez or where # there is no clear stem noun. # Also a few exceptions as for -ize 8 # possessive form SFX M Y 1 SFX M 0 's . # Only this form included # -able, -ability forms for words # where stem emphasis is on last syllable # and also for -ate words with more than 2 syllables. SFX B Y 48 SFX B e able [^acegilotu]e # share > sharable SFX B 0 able [acegilou]e # sale > saleable SFX B te ble ate # alienate > alienable SFX B e able [^a]te # deplete > depletable SFX B 0 bable [^aeio][aeiou]b # SFX B 0 kable [^aeio][aeiou]c # SFX B 0 dable [^aeio][aeiou]d # embed > embeddable SFX B 0 fable [^aeio][aeiou]f # SFX B 0 gable [^aeio][aeiou]g # SFX B 0 kable [^aeio][aeiou]k # SFX B 0 lable [^aeio][aeiou]l # control > controllable SFX B 0 mable [^aeio][aeiou]m # sum > summable SFX B 0 nable [^aeio][aeiou]n # run > runnable SFX B 0 pable [^aeio][aeiou]p # map > mappable SFX B 0 rable [^aeio][aeiou]r # SFX B 0 sable [^aeio][aeiou]s # SFX B 0 table [^aeio][aeiou]t # split > splittable SFX B 0 vable [^aeio][aeiou]v # rev > revvable SFX B 0 zable [^aeio][aeiou]z # SFX B 0 able [aeio][aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # steer > steerable SFX B 0 able [^aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # guess > guessable SFX B y iable [^aeiou]y # specify > specifiable SFX B 0 able [aeiou]y # play > playable SFX B 0 able [^ebcdfgklmnprstvzy] # SFX B e ability [^acegilotu]e # share > sharability SFX B 0 ability [acegilou]e # sale > saleability SFX B te bility ate # alienate > alienability SFX B e ability [^a]te # deplete > depletability SFX B 0 bability [^aeio][aeiou]b # SFX B 0 kability [^aeio][aeiou]c # SFX B 0 dability [^aeio][aeiou]d # embed > embeddability SFX B 0 fability [^aeio][aeiou]f # SFX B 0 gability [^aeio][aeiou]g # SFX B 0 kability [^aeio][aeiou]k # SFX B 0 lability [^aeio][aeiou]l # control > controllability SFX B 0 mability [^aeio][aeiou]m # sum > summability SFX B 0 nability [^aeio][aeiou]n # run > runnability SFX B 0 pability [^aeio][aeiou]p # map > mappability SFX B 0 rability [^aeio][aeiou]r # SFX B 0 sability [^aeio][aeiou]s # SFX B 0 tability [^aeio][aeiou]t # split > splittability SFX B 0 vability [^aeio][aeiou]v # rev > revvability SFX B 0 zability [^aeio][aeiou]z # SFX B 0 ability [aeio][aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # steerability SFX B 0 ability [^aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # guessability SFX B y iability [^aeiou]y # specify > specifiability SFX B 0 ability [aeiou]y # play > playability SFX B 0 ability [^ebcdfgklmnprstvzy] # # Exceptions, for example: # rateable, ropeable, dyeable, hireable, liveable, flyable, # blameable, giveable, likeable, nameable, shareable, sizeable # Also ate words of 2 syllables or less - use b # -able, -ability forms for words where stem emphasis is NOT on last syllable # and also for -ate words with 2 syllables or fewer. SFX 7 Y 9 SFX 7 e able [acegilou]e # SFX 7 0 able [^acegilou]e # rope > ropeable SFX 7 0 kable [^aeio][aeiou]c # SFX 7 0 lable [^aeio][aeiou]l # SFX 7 0 able [aeio][aeiou][cl] # SFX 7 0 able [^aeiou][cl] # SFX 7 y iable [^aeiou]y # specify > specifiable SFX 7 0 able [aeiou]y # SFX 7 0 able [^cely] # # -ability form for words where stem emphasis is NOT on last syllable SFX g Y 9 SFX g e ability [^acegilou]e # rate > ratability SFX g 0 ability [acegilou]e # notice > noticeability SFX g 0 kability [^aeio][aeiou]c # SFX g 0 lability [^aeio][aeiou]l # SFX g 0 ability [aeio][aeiou][cl] # SFX g 0 ability [^aeiou][cl] # SFX g y iability [^aeiou]y # specify > specifiability SFX g 0 ability [aeiou]y # SFX g 0 ability [^cely] # # Also -ate words of more than 2 syllables use B # Same exceptions for words ending in -e as rule B, but sense of -e ending # words has been reversed. # -ably endings, simplified rules SFX l Y 9 SFX l e ably [^acegilou]e # rate > ratably SFX l 0 ably [acegilou]e # notice > noticeably SFX l 0 kably [^aeio][aeiou]c # SFX l 0 lably [^aeio][aeiou]l # control > controllably SFX l 0 ably [aeio][aeiou][cl] # SFX l 0 ably [^aeiou][cl] # SFX l y iably [^aeiou]y # specify > specifiably SFX l 0 ably [aeiou]y # play > playably SFX l 0 ably [^cely] # # Exceptions # -ible endings, simplified rules SFX b Y 3 SFX b e ible [^aeiou]e # sense > sensible SFX b 0 ible [aeiou]e # SFX b 0 ible [^e] # # -ment, -ments, -ment's suffixes SFX L Y 12 SFX L 0 ament m # arm > armament SFX L y iment [^aeiou]y # embody > embodiment SFX L 0 ment [aeiou]y # deploy > deployment SFX L 0 ment [^my] # SFX L 0 aments m # arm > armaments SFX L y iments [^aeiou]y # embody > embodiments SFX L 0 ments [aeiou]y # deploy > deployments SFX L 0 ments [^my] # SFX L 0 ament's m # arm > armament's SFX L y iment's [^aeiou]y # embody > embodiment's SFX L 0 ment's [aeiou]y # deploy > deployment's SFX L 0 ment's [^my] # # # -y, diminutive and adjectival form, simplified rules SFX Z Y 22 SFX Z e y [^aeiouy]e # edge > edgy SFX Z 0 y [aeiouy]e # blue > bluey SFX Z 0 ey [aiouy] # clay > clayey SFX Z 0 by [^aeio][aeiou]b # shab > shabby SFX Z 0 ky [^aeio][aeiou]c # panic > panicky SFX Z 0 dy [^aeio][aeiou]d # mud > muddy SFX Z 0 fy [^aeio][aeiou]f # SFX Z 0 gy [^aeio][aeiou]g # fog > foggy SFX Z 0 ky [^aeio][aeiou]k # SFX Z 0 ly [^aeio][aeiou]l # brutal > brutally SFX Z 0 my [^aeio][aeiou]m # plum > plummy SFX Z 0 ny [^aeio][aiou]n # skin > skinny SFX Z 0 py [^aeio][aeiou]p # snap > snappy SFX Z 0 ry [^aeio][aiou]r # fur > furry SFX Z 0 sy [^aeio][aeiou]s # gas > gassy SFX Z 0 ty [^aeio][aiou]t # knot > knotty SFX Z 0 vy [^aeio][aeiou]v # SFX Z 0 zy [^aeio][aeiou]z # quiz > quizzy SFX Z 0 y [^aeio]e[nrt] # crochet > crochety SFX Z 0 y [aeio][aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # sleepy SFX Z 0 y [^aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # grump > grumpy SFX Z 0 y [^aebcdfgiklmnoprstuvyz] # itch > itchy # Exceptions are predominatly in words retaining the silent e # cagey, cakey, chocolatey, cottagey, dicey, matey, orangey, # pacey, pricey, smiley, villagey, holey # also words ending in e[nrt] where the consonant is doubled: jetty # watch the choice of -ly, -ry, -ity, -ily endings # -iness, diminutive and adjectival comparison form, simplified rules SFX 2 Y 21 SFX 2 e iness [^aeiouy]e # edge > edginess SFX 2 0 iness [aeiouy]e # blue > blueiness SFX 2 0 biness [^aeio][aeiou]b # shab > shabbiness SFX 2 0 kiness [^aeio][aeiou]c # panic > panickiness SFX 2 0 diness [^aeio][aeiou]d # mud > muddiness SFX 2 0 finess [^aeio][aeiou]f # SFX 2 0 giness [^aeio][aeiou]g # fog > fogginess SFX 2 0 kiness [^aeio][aeiou]k # SFX 2 0 liness [^aeio][aeiou]l # SFX 2 0 miness [^aeio][aeiou]m # plum > plumminess SFX 2 0 niness [^aeio][aiou]n # skin > skinniness SFX 2 0 piness [^aeio][aeiou]p # snap > snappiness SFX 2 0 riness [^aeio][aiou]r # fur > furriness SFX 2 0 siness [^aeio][aeiou]s # gas > gassiness SFX 2 0 tiness [^aeio][aiou]t # knot > knottiness SFX 2 0 viness [^aeio][aeiou]v # SFX 2 0 ziness [^aeio][aeiou]z # quiz > quizziness SFX 2 0 iness [^aeio]e[nrt] # crochet > crochetiness SFX 2 0 iness [aeio][aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # sleepiness SFX 2 0 iness [^aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvz] # grump > grumpiness SFX 2 0 iness [^ebcdfgklmnprstvz] # itch > itchiness # Exceptions are predominatly in words retaining the silent e # cagey, cakey, chocolatey, cottagey, dicey, matey, orangey, # pacey, pricey, smiley, villagey, holey # also words ending in e[nrt] where the consonant is doubled: jetty # watch the choice of -ly, -ry, -ity, -ily endings # -ily, adverbial ending for nouns where the adjective form adds y SFX z Y 24 SFX z e ily [^aeiouy]e # edge > edgily SFX z 0 ily [aeiouy]e # SFX z 0 ily [aiou]y # clay > clayily SFX z ey ily ey # cagey > cagily SFX z y ily [^aeiou]y # shaky > shakily SFX z 0 bily [^aeio][aeiou]b # shab > shabbily SFX z 0 kily [^aeio][aeiou]c # SFX z 0 dily [^aeio][aeiou]d # mud > muddily SFX z 0 fily [^aeio][aeiou]f # SFX z 0 gily [^aeio][aeiou]g # fog > foggily SFX z 0 kily [^aeio][aeiou]k # SFX z 0 lily [^aeio][aeiou]l # SFX z 0 mily [^aeio][aeiou]m # plum > plummily SFX z 0 nily [^aeio][aiou]n # fun > funnily SFX z 0 pily [^aeio][aeiou]p # snap > snappily SFX z 0 rily [^aeio][aiou]r # fur > furrily SFX z 0 sily [^aeio][aeiou]s # SFX z 0 tily [^aeio][aiou]t # chat > chattily SFX z 0 vily [^aeio][aeiou]v # SFX z 0 zily [^aeio][aeiou]z # quiz > quizzily SFX z 0 ily [^aeio]e[nrt] # crochet > crochetily SFX z 0 ily [aeio][aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvyz] # sleepily SFX z 0 ily [^aeiou][bcdfgklmnprstvyz] # grump > grumpily SFX z 0 ily [^ebcdfgklmnprstvyz] # itch > itchily # Exceptions may be dealt with using -ly, -ry, -ity, -y endings # apart from e[nrt] words where the last syllable is stressed: # pettily = petty + ly, not pet + ily # -ry, adjectival and noun forms SFX y Y 15 SFX y e ory te # mandate > madatory SFX y e atory [mr]e # explore > exploratory SFX y e ary se # adverse > adversary SFX y 0 ry [^mrst]e # bribe > bribery SFX y 0 ory [^aeous]t # direct > directory SFX y 0 ry [aeous]t # forest > forestry SFX y 0 ery h # hatch > hatchery SFX y 0 atory [^i]m # confirm > confirmatory SFX y im matory im # exlaim > exclamatory SFX y 0 ory s # access > accessory SFX y 0 ary ion # mission > missionary SFX y 0 ry [^i]on # weapon > weaponry SFX y 0 nery [aiu]n # gun > gunnery SFX y 0 ry [^aiou]n # citizen > citizenry SFX y 0 ry [^ehmstn] # mimic > mimicry # This is a severely compromised huristic rule with many exceptions # jewellery, stationery, secretary, etc. # generally confusion between -ary, -ery, -ory # -al, noun from verb, simplified rules SFX O Y 12 SFX O 0 l a # SFX O e al [^bcgv]e # node > nodal SFX O e ial [bcgv]e # race > racial SFX O 0 ial [bcrx] # adverb > adverbial SFX O um al um # minimum > minimal SFX O 0 al [^u]m # inform > informal SFX O y al ty # society > societal SFX O y ial [^t]y # deny > denial SFX O 0 ual [px]t # text > textual SFX O 0 tal [iu]t # aquit > aquittal SFX O 0 al [^ipux]t # post > postal SFX O 0 al [^aebcrtxmy] # # Exceptions are many: # -tial words: essential, presidential, exponential, differential etc. # # -ally, adverb form from verb, simplified rules SFX o Y 12 SFX o 0 lly a # SFX o e ally [^bcgv]e # node > nodally SFX o e ially [bcgv]e # race > racially SFX o 0 ially [bcrx] # adverb > adverbially SFX o um ally um # minimum > minimally SFX o 0 ally [^u]m # inform > informally SFX o y ally ty # society > societally SFX o y ially [^t]y # SFX o 0 ually [px]t # text > textually SFX o 0 tally [iu]t # SFX o 0 ally [^ipux]t # post > postally SFX o 0 ally [^aebcrtxmy] # # Exceptions are many: # -tial words: essential, presidential, exponential, differential etc. # # -ic, adjectival ending, simplified rule set SFX W Y 21 SFX W ce tific ce # science > scientific SFX W e atic me # theme > thematic SFX W se tic se # analyse > analytic SFX W le ic ble # syllable > syllabic SFX W e ic [^b]le # imbecile > imbecilic SFX W e ic [^clms]e # cube > cubic SFX W 0 lic [ay]l # metal > metallic SFX W 0 ic [^ay]l # symbol > symbolic SFX W us ic us # SFX W 0 tic [^u]s # SFX W er ric er # diameter > diametric SFX W 0 ic [^e]r # metaphor > metaphoric SFX W 0 atic [aeiou]m # idiom > idiomatic SFX W 0 ic [^aeiou]m # orgasm > orgasmic SFX W 0 tic ma # drama > dramatic SFX W a ic [^m]a # amoeba > amoebic SFX W y etic thy # apathy > apathetic SFX W y ic [^t]hy # bibliographic SFX W y tic sy # fantasy > fantastic SFX W y ic [^hs]y # geometry > geometric SFX W 0 ic [^aelmrsy] # # There are a number of exceptions: # volcanic, terrific, horrific, beautific, # atomic, metronomic, panoramic # -ical, adjectival ending, greatly simplified rule set SFX w Y 9 SFX w e ical e # bible > biblical SFX w er rical er # diameter > diametrical SFX w 0 ical [^e]r # metaphor > metaphorical SFX w 0 atical [aeiou]m # problem > problematical SFX w 0 ical [^aeiou]m # rythm > rythmical SFX w 0 tical ma # SFX w a ical [^m]a # chimera > chimerical SFX w y ical y # geometry > geometrical SFX w 0 ical [^aemry] # # There are a number of exceptions: # whimsical, analytical # -ically, adverbial form ending, greatly simplified rule set SFX 1 Y 9 SFX 1 e ically e # bible > biblically SFX 1 er rically er # diameter > diametrically SFX 1 0 ically [^e]r # metaphor > metaphorically SFX 1 0 atically [aeiou]m # problem > problematically SFX 1 0 ically [^aeiou]m # rythm > rythmically SFX 1 0 tically ma # SFX 1 a ically [^m]a # chimera > chimerically SFX 1 y ically y # geometry > geometrically SFX 1 0 ically [^aemry] # # There are a number of exceptions: # whimsically, analytically # -ist, -ists, -ist's suffixes SFX 3 Y 21 SFX 3 e ist [^aceiou]e # folklore > folklorist SFX 3 ce tist ce # science > scientist SFX 3 0 ist [aeiou]e # canoe > conoeist SFX 3 y ist [^aeioubp]y # allegory > allegorist SFX 3 0 ist [aeioubp]y # copy > copyist SFX 3 o ist o # cello > cellist SFX 3 0 ists [^eoy] # minimal > minimalist SFX 3 e ists [^aceiou]e # SFX 3 ce tists ce # science > scientists SFX 3 0 ists [aeiou]e # canoe > conoeists SFX 3 y ists [^aeioubp]y # SFX 3 0 ists [aeioubp]y # copy > copyist SFX 3 o ists o # cello > cellists SFX 3 0 ists [^eoy] # SFX 3 e ist's [^aceiou]e # SFX 3 ce tist's ce # science > scientist's SFX 3 0 ist's [aeiou]e # canoe > conoeist's SFX 3 y ist's [^aeioubp]y # SFX 3 0 ist's [aeioubp]y # copy > copyist SFX 3 o ist's o # cello > cellist's SFX 3 0 ist's [^eoy] # # Exceptions: # clarinettist, druggist, duellist, egoist, egotist # faddist, flautist, humorist, jingoist, dramatist # medallist, monologist